Chitubu: China Ocean Shipping e-Magazine, Kurume 6, 2023.
Kunyangwe kudiwa kwezvinhu kuchiderera uye mitengo yekutakura zvinhu ichidzikira, kutengeserana kwekurenda ngarava dzemakontena kuchiri kuenderera mberi mumusika wekurenda ngarava dzemakontena, uyo wasvika pakakwirira munhoroondo maererano nehuwandu hweodha.
Mitengo yekurenda yazvino yakaderera zvikuru pane yakakwira. Payakakwira, kurenda kwemwedzi mitatu yengarava diki yemakontena kunogona kudhura kusvika kumadhora zviuru mazana maviri pazuva, nepo kurenda kwengarava yepakati nepakati kunogona kusvika kumadhora zviuru makumi matanhatu pazuva mumakore mashanu. Zvisinei, mazuva iwayo apera uye hazvingatarisirwi kuti achadzoka.
George Youroukos, CEO weGlobal Ship Lease (GSL), akataura nguva pfupi yadarika kuti "kudiwa kwekurenda hakuna kupera, chero bedzi kudiwa kuchiripo, bhizinesi rekurenda ngarava richaenderera mberi."
Moritz Furhmann, CFO weMPC Containers, anotenda kuti "mitengo yekurenda yakaramba yakagadzikana kupfuura avhareji yekare."
Chishanu chapfuura, Harpex Index, iyo inoyera mitengo yekurenda yemhando dzakasiyana dzengarava, yakaderera ne77% kubva padanho rayo repamusoro munaKurume 2022 kusvika pamapoinzi 1059. Zvisinei, mwero wekuderera kwegore rino waderera, uye mwero wekudzikama wakadzikama mumavhiki apfuura, uchiramba wakapetwa kaviri kupfuura denda ra2019 risati raitika muna Kukadzi.
Sekureva kwemishumo yazvino uno yaAlphaliner, mushure mekupera kweGore Idzva reChinese, kudiwa kwekurenda ngarava dzemakontena kwakawedzera, uye huwandu hwekurenda huripo mumisika mizhinji yengarava dzakakamurwa huchiri kushoma, zvichiratidza kuti mitengo yekurenda ichakwira mumavhiki anotevera.
Ngarava dzemakontena dzepakati nepakati nediki dzinonyanya kufarirwa.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti, munguva yakanaka kwazvo yemusika, ngarava huru dzinenge dzese dzakasaina zvibvumirano zvekurenda zvemakore akawanda zvisati zvapera. Pamusoro pezvo, dzimwe ngarava huru dzaifanirwa kuvandudzwa gore rino dzakatowedzera nguva yadzo yekurenda gore rapfuura.
Imwe shanduko huru ndeyekuti nguva dzekurenda dzapfupikiswa zvakanyanya. Kubva muna Gumiguru gore rapera, GSL yakarenda ngarava dzayo ina kweavhareji yemwedzi gumi.
Sekureva kwemutengesi wengarava Braemar, mwedzi uno, MSC yakahaya ngarava ye3469 TEU Hansa Europe kwemwedzi miviri kusvika mina nemutengo we$17,400 pazuva, uye ngarava ye1355 TEU Atlantic West kwemwedzi mishanu kusvika mitanhatu nemutengo we$13,000 pazuva. Hapag-Lloyd yakahaya ngarava ye2506 TEU Maira kwemwedzi mina kusvika mitanhatu nemutengo we$17,750 pazuva. CMA CGM ichangobva kuhaya ngarava ina: ngarava ye3434 TEU Hope Island kwemwedzi 8-10 nemutengo we$17,250 pazuva; ngarava ye2754 TEU Atlantic Discoverer kwemwedzi gumi kusvika gumi nemiviri nemutengo we$17,000 pazuva; ngarava ye17891 TEU Sheng An kwemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika misere nemutengo we$14,500 pazuva; uye ngarava yeTEU Atlantic West ye1355 kwemwedzi mishanu kusvika minomwe pamwero we$13,000 pazuva.
Njodzi dziri kuwedzera kumakambani ekurenda
Kuwanda kweodha dzinotyorwa kwave chinhu chinonetsa makambani anorenda ngarava. Kunyange zvazvo ngarava zhinji dzemakambani aya dzakarendwa gore rino, chii chichaitika mushure meizvozvo?
Sezvo makambani ekutakura zvinhu achigamuchira ngarava itsva, dzinoshandisa mafuta zvishoma kubva kunzvimbo dzinogadzira ngarava, haafanire kudzorerazve magwaro ekurenda ngarava dzekare kana dzapera. Kana vanorenda vasingakwanise kuwana vanorenda vatsva kana kuti vasingakwanise kuwana purofiti kubva pakurenda, vachasangana nenguva isina basa kana kuti vanogona kusarudza kudzibvisa.
MPC neGSL vese vanosimbisa kuti kuwanda kweodha uye kukanganisa kunogona kuitika kune vanokweretesa ngarava zvinongoisa kumanikidzwa kune mhando dzengarava hombe. CEO weMPC Constantin Baack akati huwandu hwakawanda hweodha huri hwengarava hombe, uye kana mhando yengarava idiki, huwandu hweodha hudiki.
Baack akataurawo kuti maodha achangoburwa anotsigira ngarava dzinoshandisa mafuta maviri dzinogona kushandisa LNG kana methanol, idzo dzakakodzera ngarava hombe. Kune ngarava diki dzinoshanda mukutengeserana kwedunhu, hapana zvivakwa zvakakwana zvemafuta eLNG ne methanol.
Mushumo weAlphaliner wazvino unoti 92% yemidziyo mitsva yakatengwa gore rino imidziyo yeLNG kana methanol yakagadzirira mafuta, kubva pa86% gore rapfuura.
Lister weGSL akataura kuti kugona kwengarava dzemakontena paodha kunomiririra 29% yehukuru huripo, asi kune ngarava dzinopfuura 10,000 TEU, chikamu ichi i52%, nepo kune ngarava diki, i14% chete. Zvinotarisirwa kuti mwero wekubviswa kwengarava uchawedzera gore rino, zvichikonzera kukura kushoma kwesimba chairo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-24-2023